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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ammoniumphosphat</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Chemikalie" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Chemikalie">
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<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Strukturformel
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<td colspan="2" class="hintergrundfarbe-basis skin-invert-image" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span> <span typeof="mw:File"></span> <span typeof="mw:File"></span>
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<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Allgemeines
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<td style="width:33%;">Name
</td>
<td>Ammoniumphosphat
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Andere Namen
</td>
<td>
<ul><li><i>tert</i>-Ammoniumphosphat</li>
<li>Triammoniumphosphat</li>
<li>Triammoniumorthophosphat</li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Summenformel" title="Summenformel">Summenformel</a>
</td>
<td>(NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Kurzbeschreibung
</td>
<td>
<p>weißes Pulver<sup id="cite_ref-hml_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hml-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mit stechend ammoniakartigem Geruch<sup id="cite_ref-HoWi_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HoWi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Externe Identifikatoren/Datenbanken
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="padding:0;">
<table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable" data-expandtext="+" data-collapsetext="−" style="border-top:none; margin:-1px; width:calc(100% + 2px);">
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<td style="width:33%;"><a href="CAS-Nummer" title="CAS-Nummer">CAS-Nummer</a>
</td>
<td>
<ul><li><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=10124-31-9">10124-31-9</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span> <small>(x-Ammoniumphosphat)</small></li>
<li><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=10361-65-6">10361-65-6</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span> <small>(Triammoniumphosphat)</small></li>
<li><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><span class="KeinCASLink" title="CAS-Nummer ohne Common-Chemistry-Eintrag">25447-33-0</span><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span> <small>(Triammoniumphosphat-Trihydrat)</small></li></ul>
</td>
<td style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122; border-top:1px solid #FFDEAD; padding:0.2em 0; vertical-align:bottom; width:5%;">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="EG-Nummer" title="EG-Nummer">EG-Nummer</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2">233-793-9
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Europ%C3%A4ische_Chemikalienagentur" title="Europäische Chemikalienagentur">ECHA</a>-InfoCard
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.echa.europa.eu/de/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.030.709">100.030.709</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/159282">159282</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.140090.html">140090</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1;"><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423820" class="extiw external" title="d:Q423820">Q423820</a>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Eigenschaften
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Molare Masse</a>
</td>
<td>149,12 g·<a href="Mol" title="Mol">mol</a><sup>−1</sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Aggregatzustand" title="Aggregatzustand">Aggregatzustand</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>fest
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Dichte" title="Dichte">Dichte</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>1,61 g·cm<sup>−3</sup><sup id="cite_ref-hml_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hml-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
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<td><a href="L%C3%B6slichkeit" title="Löslichkeit">Löslichkeit</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>gut in Wasser (580 g·l<sup>−1</sup> bei 20 °C)<sup id="cite_ref-hml_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hml-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Sicherheitshinweise
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="width:100%;">
<tbody><tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><b><a href="Global_harmonisiertes_System_zur_Einstufung_und_Kennzeichnung_von_Chemikalien" title="Global harmonisiertes System zur Einstufung und Kennzeichnung von Chemikalien">GHS-Gefahrstoffkennzeichnung</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Serox_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Serox-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<table class="hintergrundfarbe-neutral" style="text-align:center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; display:flex; justify-content:center;">
<tbody><tr>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="Global_harmonisiertes_System_zur_Einstufung_und_Kennzeichnung_von_Chemikalien#Übersicht:_EU-Gefahrensymbole,_UN/GHS-Gefahrenpiktogramme,_UN/ADR-Gefahrensymbole" title="07 – Achtung"></a></span>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b>Achtung</b>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" width="33%" style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed; border-right:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;"><a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze" title="H- und P-Sätze">H- und P-Sätze</a>
</td>
<td style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;">H: <span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: H-Sätze"></span><a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#H-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Verursacht Hautreizungen.">315</span></span></a>‐<a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#H-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Verursacht schwere Augenreizung.">319</span></span></a>‐<a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#H-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Kann die Atemwege reizen.">335</span></span></a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;">P: <span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: P-Sätze"></span><a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#P-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Einatmen von Staub / Rauch / Gas / Nebel / Dampf / Aerosol vermeiden.">261</span></span></a>‐<a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#P-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Bei Kontakt mit den Augen: Einige Minuten lang behutsam mit Wasser spülen. Eventuell vorhandene Kontaktlinsen nach Möglichkeit entfernen. Weiter spülen.
(Geänderter Text seit Inkraftreten der „8. Anpassung an den Technischen Fortschritt“ am 1. Februar 2018)">305+351+338</span></span></a><sup id="cite_ref-Serox_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Serox-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122; font-size:80%; text-align:center; line-height:150%; padding:.25em;">Wenn nicht anders vermerkt, gelten die angegebenen Daten bei <a href="Standardbedingungen" title="Standardbedingungen">Standardbedingungen</a> (0 °C, 1000 hPa).
</td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p><p><b>Ammoniumphosphat</b> (genauer <i>Triammoniumphosphat</i>) ist ein <a href="Ammonium" title="Ammonium">Ammoniumsalz</a> der <a href="Phosphors%C3%A4ure" title="Phosphorsäure">Phosphorsäure</a>. Es bildet gut wasserlösliche Kristalle als Trihydrat.
</p><p>Neben Triammoniumphosphat existieren auch noch <a href="Ammoniumdihydrogenphosphat" title="Ammoniumdihydrogenphosphat">Mono-Ammoniumphosphat</a> (NH<sub>4</sub>)H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, <a href="Diammoniumhydrogenphosphat" title="Diammoniumhydrogenphosphat">Di-Ammoniumphosphat</a> (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub> und Ammoniumpolyphosphate [NH<sub>4</sub>PO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>n</sub>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Darstellung">Darstellung</h2></div>
<p>Ammoniumphosphat kann durch Umsatz von <a href="Diammoniumhydrogenphosphat" title="Diammoniumhydrogenphosphat">Diammoniumhydrogenphosphat</a> mit gasförmigen <a href="Ammoniak" title="Ammoniak">Ammoniak</a> dargestellt werden.
</p><p>Ebenfalls möglich ist die Darstellung durch die Neutralisation von <a href="Ammoniak" title="Ammoniak">Ammoniak</a> mit <a href="Phosphors%C3%A4ure" title="Phosphorsäure">Phosphorsäure</a>:
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {3\ NH_{3}+H_{3}PO_{4}\longrightarrow (NH_{4})_{3}PO_{4}} }">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {3\ NH_{3}+H_{3}PO_{4}\longrightarrow (NH_{4})_{3}PO_{4}} }</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/64f1c22fefd03aa4bd53cb1d35c61af710c17a5b.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:33.312ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {3\ NH_{3}+H_{3}PO_{4}\longrightarrow (NH_{4})_{3}PO_{4}} }" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eigenschaften">Eigenschaften</h2></div>
<p>Ammoniumphosphat ist im festen Zustand instabil. Es zerfällt unter Abgabe von <a href="Ammoniak" title="Ammoniak">Ammoniak</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HoWi_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HoWi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Das Trihydrat bildet Kristalle mit der <a href="Raumgruppe" title="Raumgruppe">Raumgruppe</a> <i>P</i>2<sub>1</sub>/<i>c</i> (Raumgruppen-Nr. 14)<span style="display:none;">Vorlage:Raumgruppe/14</span><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwendung">Verwendung</h2></div>
<p>Ammoniumphosphat und Ammoniumpolyphosphate werden als <a href="Flammschutzmittel" title="Flammschutzmittel">Flammschutzmittel</a>, <a href="Brandschutzbeschichtung" title="Brandschutzbeschichtung">Brandschutzbeschichtung</a> sowie als <a href="D%C3%BCnger" title="Dünger">Düngemittel</a> eingesetzt.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-hml-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-hml_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-hml_1-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-hml_1-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Datenblatt <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r261891140">
/* start https://de.wikipedia.org/ */
.mw-parser-output .webarchiv-memento a{color:inherit}
/* end https://de.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304095528/http://www.hmlindia.com/MSDS/TriNH4phosphat.pdf"><i>Triammonium Phosphate</i></a> (<span class="webarchiv-memento"><a href="Webarchivierung#Begrifflichkeiten" title="Webarchivierung">Memento</a></span> vom 4. März 2016 im <i><a href="Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>) bei hmlindia.com (PDF; 209 kB), abgerufen am 13. Oktober 2019.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-HoWi-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-HoWi_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-HoWi_2-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Arnold_F._Holleman" title="Arnold F. Holleman">A. F. Holleman</a>, <a href="Egon_Wiberg" title="Egon Wiberg">E. Wiberg</a>, <a href="Nils_Wiberg" title="Nils Wiberg">N. Wiberg</a>: <i><a href="Holleman-Wiberg_Lehrbuch_der_Anorganischen_Chemie" title="Holleman-Wiberg Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie">Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie</a>.</i> 101. Auflage. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-11-012641-9.<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Serox-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Serox_3-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Serox_3-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Serox: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://h856315943k1.catalogus.de/856315943/1/AD368/ODM0Mzk1Mg==/K%C3%B6hler+Chemie+8343952+Serox.html">Ammoniumphosphat</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">D. Mootz, H. Wunderlich: <i>Die Kristallstruktur von (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>.3H<sub>2</sub>O, Triammonium-orthophosphat-trihydrat.</i> In: <i>Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry.</i> 26, S. 1826–1835, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1107/S056774087000496X">10.1107/S056774087000496X</a></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Fachagentur nachwachsende Rohstoffe: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.schadstoffberatung.de/Broschuere_Daemmstoffe_FNR.pdf"><i>Marktübersicht – Dämmstoffe aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen</i></a>, siehe Tabelle auf S. 29; abgerufen im September 2016.</span>
</li>
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